Upper Gastro-intestinal endoscopy is key in the diagnosis and classification of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). In the near future endoscopy may play an important therapeutic role with several endoscopic antireflux techniques that have been developed.

Surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease was described 50 years ago. Laparoscopic anti-reflux procedures were introduced 20 years ago.

Complications or failures of surgery for GERD and / or hiatal hernia are reported in 1-30% of patients, and will lead to re-operation in 4-13% of cases.

The last 2 decades have witnessed a revolution in the treatment of patients with paraesophageal hernia.

Barrett's esophagus (BE), a condition of intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus, develops as a consequence of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease and is associated with an increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.

The last three decades have witnessed a progressive evolution in the surgical treatment of esophageal achalasia, with a shift from open to a minimally invasive Heller myotomy.

This lecture describes in details the technical aspects of the POEM procedure and provides useful tips and tricks to overcome potential complications.
The preoperative patient’s preparation and the OR setting are also covered.

Esophageal diverticula are rare. They may occur in the pharyngoesophageal area (Zenker's), midesophagus, or distally (epiphrenic). Most patients with diverticula are asymptomatic.

Treatment of strictures of the GI tract is an integral part of flexible endoscopy. It is critical to determine the cause of the stricture and eliminate it if possible. Different etiologies and anatomies dictate the type of dilator used (bougie vs balloon).

Leaks and fistulas can be acute or chronic, well tolerated or physiologically devastating. Increasingly they are treated with the help of flexible endoscopy, although many times the definitive resolution requires a multimodality approach with percutaneous and surgical approaches often required.

TNM cancer staging has provided a common language that permits description of the anatomic extent of a cancer. TNM staging aids treatment planning, prognostication, treatment evaluation, communication and exchange of information.

The highest incidence of stomach cancer is observed in Asia, particularly in Korea, Japan and China. Gastrectomy by conventional surgery techniques has been developed and studied meticulously in these countries.

Today esophageal cancer is one the fastest growing digestive cancer worldwide and is changing from a predominantly squamocellular cancer to adenocarcinoma related to chronic reflux disease.

The lesson is included as bonus.

There is no corresponding quiz.

The lesson is included as bonus.

There is no corresponding quiz.

This presentation is an introduction to endoscopy for patients who are candidates for obesity surgery or requiring endoscopy after obesity surgery. Different surgical techniques currently used are presented.

Each procedure is explained and the interest of the endoscopy mentioned.

Morbid obesity is a major and growing public health problem around the world.

Morbid obesity is a major and growing public health problem around the world.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) remains the most commonly performed surgical laparoscopic procedure worldwide to treat morbid obesity. The incidence of biliary stones formation after bariatric surgery is higher than in the overall population due to the rapid weight loss.

Although medical therapy is an effective intervention, weight loss surgery has been associated with the greatest reduction in obesity-related complications.

Although medical therapy is an effective intervention, weight loss surgery has been associated with the greatest reduction in obesity-related complications.

Although medical therapy is an effective intervention, weight loss surgery has been associated with the greatest reduction in obesity-related complications.

Although medical therapy is an effective intervention, weight loss surgery has been associated with the greatest reduction in obesity-related complications.

Although medical therapy is an effective intervention, weight loss surgery has been associated with the greatest reduction in obesity-related complications.

Experimental evidence demonstrates that intestinal bypass surgery has direct effects on glucose metabolism, highlighting the importance of the small intestine, particularly the duodenum, in the physiology and pathophysiology of glucose homeostasis .

No intro, no quiz.

This lecture presents current indications, contraindications, and technical tips of stenting of colorectal obstruction.

This lecture describes the surgical anatomy, principles and techniques of colon resections comprehensively addressing all aspects of colorectal surgery including common pitfalls to treat benign or malignant disease.

This lecture presents current endoscopic treatment options to manage leaks and fistula after colorectal surgery. Indications and contraindications of endoscopic treatment are covered as well as available devices.

This lecture presents the indications for endoscopic treatment of colorectal polyps and reviews the existing literature.